MICHIGAN 18 Electoral Votes
Bush-Cheney Gore-Lieberman
Campaign Campaign
Bush-Cheney Exec. Dir.: Sara Taylor
...started on the Bush campaign in Iowa as coalitions director from the end of April 1999 through the Jan. 24 Iowa caucuses; then worked the South Carolina primary campaign.  Prior to the campaign, Taylor worked for two years at the Tarrance Group, the No. Va. polling firm headed by Ed Goeas.  In 1995-96 she worked on Sen. Phil Gramm's presidential campaign in Iowa.
Field Staff: Zead Haddad, Natalie Myntyck
Press Coordinator: Matthew Resch
Office: 416 Frandor Ave, Suite 108, Lansing

Victory 2000 Exec. Dir.: Matt Becker

Michigan Republican State Committee
Chairman: Rusty Hills
Exec. Dir: Mark Hoffman
Office: 2121 E. Grand River, Lansing

Gore-Lieberman Co-State Directors
Ron Platt
...started 4 or 5 days after the convention, on leave from position as senior director of government affairs at Greenberg Traurig, LLP in Washington, DC; has worked at the firm for 4 1/2 years.  Came to DC in 1969 to work for Congressman Jack Brooks and also worked for some years for Sen. Lloyd Bentsen.  Political advisor for the Clinton-Gore campaign in Kentucky in 1991-92; ran the coordinated campaign in Iowa in 1996; senior advisor to Sen. Harry Reid and the Nevada coordinated campaign in 1998.
Charles Duncan
...started around Labor Day.  Duncan had taken a position as advisor at Global USA, Inc. after working as associate director of the White House Office of Personnel from 1994-99.  He has worked on seven presidential campaigns starting with Sen. Fred Harris in 1975.  Originally from North Carolina.
Press Secretary: Tina Oliver
Political: Megan Conly
Office: 8445 East Jefferson Ave, Detroit

Coordinated Campaign Director: George Rakis
 

Michigan Democratic State Central Committee
Chairman: Mark Brewer
Exec. Assistant: Sylvia Perkins 
Offices: 606 Townsend, Lansing   1550 Howard, Detroit

Candidate Travel (Aug. 1-Nov. 7)
GWB: 10 visits
DC: 4 visits
Candidate Travel (Aug. 1-Nov. 7)
AG: 10 visits
JL: 4 visits
Nov. 5-6
Nov. 5 -- AG and TG rally at University of Michigan, Dearborn.
Nov. 6 -- 1. AG rally, United Auto Workers Hall, Local 659, Flint.  2. AG addresses GOTV rally New Jerusalem Full Baptist Church, Flint.
Nov. 4 a.m. -- GWB and LB, DC and LC, Colin Powell, Gov. Engler, Sen. Abraham Victory 2000 rally at Ford Field, Dearborn [separate trip from Nov. 3 visit]. 
"Bikers for Bush" generated some attention at this event.
Nov. 3 -- 1. GWB and LB Victory 2000 rally at Cornerstone University in Grand Rapids.  2. GWB and LB Victory 2000 rally at Saginaw Valley State University, University Center.
Oct. 29-30
Oct. 29 -- 1. AG meets privately with leaders of the Arab American community, Dearborn.  2. AG addresses Hartford Memorial Baptist Church congregation, Detroit.  3. AG addresses Greater Grace Temple congregation, Detroit.
Oct. 29 -- "Great Lakes Prosperity Tour" bus caravan
1. AG and TG, JL and HL kick off at Macomb Community College, Warren.  2. AG and TG rally at the Central Clock Tower, East Lansing.  3. AG and TG rally at Muskegon Union Depot, MuskegonOct. 30 -- Event, Muskegon.
Oct. 29 -- "Great Lakes Prosperity Tour"
1. JL participates in a discussion with Michigan voters, Joe's Country Oven, Pontiac.  2. JL participates in a discussion with Michigan voters, Electrical Workers Union, Flint.  3. JL rally at Saginaw Convention Center, Saginaw.
Oct. 27 -- GWB Michigan Bus Tour:
1. GWB tours the Gallagher company in Battle Creek.  2. GWB remarks at Kalamazoo Christian School, Kalamazoo.  3. GWB Victory 2000 rally in the Mendel Center at Lake Michigan College in Benton Harbor.  (4. GWB airport departure at Michiana Regional Airport in South Bend, IN).  5. GWB Victory 2000 rally at the Orchard Ridge campus of the Oakland Community College, Farmington Hills.
Oct. 21 -- DC and Sen. John McCain travel in Michigan on the Leadership Express bus tour:
1. (DC arrives in Flint late on Oct. 20) Start in Flint.  2. Victory 2000 rally at Kellogg Park (Main Street and Ann Arbor Trail) in Plymouth.  3. Tailgate, participate in pre-game rally and attend Univ. of Michigan vs. Michigan State football game, Ann Arbor.
Oct. 19 -- GWB (arrive Detroit Metropolitan Airport night of Oct. 18) One-on-One at Visioneering, Incorporated in Fraser (suburban Detroit).
Oct. 18 -- AG and TG rally with the Goo Goo Dolls, Saginaw and Kearsley Streets, Flint.
Oct. 15-16
Oct. 15 -- 1. JL attends Democratic Party of Michigan reception at private residence, Franklin ($).  2. JL attends Democratic Party of Michigan event at Park West Gallery, Southfield ($).
Oct. 16 -- JL tours Visteon Automotive Systems, Ypsilanti.
Oct. 14 -- AG rally, Detroit Public Library/Wayne State University, Detroit.
Oct. 12-13
Oct. 12 evening -- GWB and LB Victory 2000 rally at Welsh Auditorium in Grand Center, Grand Rapids.
Oct. 13 -- 1. (a.m.) GWB and LB remarks at Van Andel Institute in Grand Rapids.  2. GWB and LB tour GM Pontiac East Assembly Plant, followed by remarks to GM employees and local citizens, Pontiac.
Oct. 5 -- 1. Former Michigan football coach Bo Schembechler greets GWB at Detroit Metropolitan Airport.  2. GWB and LB view Internet filtering equipment, One-on-One in the small gym at Helen Keller Middle School in Royal Oak (Detroit suburb).
Also, in the morning in Dearborn Bush held a one-hour meeting with more than 35 Arab-American leaders from Michigan; the day previous he had advisor Condoleezza Rice speak on U.S.-Middle East policy.
Oct. 5 -- AG rally, Calder Plaza, Grand Rapids.
Sept. 28-29
Sept. 28 -- GWB and LB evening reception for Michigan Republican Party, Troy.
Sept. 29 -- GWB, w/ LB, remarks on energy policy at Wright-K Technology, Inc., Saginaw.
Sept. 25-26
Sept. 25 -- DC and LC remarks on improving education at a PTA forum at Traverse Heights Elementary, Traverse City.
Sept. 26 -- DC and LC (airport departure in Traverse City, arrival in Detroit) remarks on Bush-Cheney economic agenda to the Troy and Sterling Heights Chambers of Commerce at the American Polish Cultural Center, Detroit.
Sept. 26 -- 1. AG participates in MTV town hall forum, University of Michigan-North Campus, Ann Arbor.  2. AG leads a discussion on Medicare, Ann Arbor Community Center, Ann Arbor.
Sept. 13  -- 1. (a.m.) DC remarks to farmers on Bush's proposal to eliminate the death tax at Cockerhill Farm, Montague.  2. (noon) DC remarks to Grand Rapids Economic Club at Welsh Auditorium, Grand Rapids.  3. DC meets with President Gerald Ford (photo op) at Ford Museum, Grand Rapids.
Sept. 6-7
Sept. 6 -- GWB airport arrival, Willow Run Airport, Ypsilanti.
Sept. 7 -- GWB accompanied by Colin Powell, remarks to veterans, Harris Kehrer VFW Post #3323, Westland.
Sept. 6 -- 1. AG throws batting practice with the Detroit Tigers, Comerica Park, Detroit.  2. AG DNC event, Fox Theatre, Detroit ($).
Sept. 4 -- GWB at Michigan Peach Festival, Mellen House, Romeo. Sept. 4 -- "American Workathon" AG and JL meet with hospital workers during late-night shift change, Hurley Medical Center, Flint
Sept. 4 --JL addresses AFL-CIO Laborfest 2000, outside Carpenters Hall, Romulus.
Aug. 27 -- 1. JL speaks to Fellowship Chapel Congregation, Detroit.  2. JL addresses supporters, Southfield Civic Center auditorium, Southfield.  Also meets with Arab-American leaders following rally.
Aug. 15 -- AG rally with President Clinton, Monroe (just across the border from Toledo, OH).
Aug. 11 -- (Aug. 10 arrival at airport in Holland) DC talks about welfare to work at Meijer Superstore in Holland. Aug. 11 -- AG accepts endorsement, addresses members of the United Auto Workers, Old International Terminal, Detroit.
Aug. 5 -- GWB and LB, DC and LC Victory 2000 "Change the Tone Tour"
1. Rally, Amtrak Station, Pontiac.  2. Rally, Durand Depot, Durand.  3. Rally, Michigan State University, East Lansing.  4. Rally, corner of Walnut and Duncan Streets, Schoolcraft.
A Sampling of More Campaign Activity A Sampling of More Campaign Activity
Nov. 1 -- Bob Dole campaigns for Bush and Republican candidates in Monroe, Battle Creek and Lansing.

Oct. 31 -- Lynne Cheney town hall meeting at St. Claire Community College in Port Huron; visits Ele's Place at the Pilgrim Congregational United Church of Christ in Lansing; stops in at the Michigan Bush-Cheney headquarters on Frandor Street in Lansing; children's Halloween event at Muskegon Community Museum; coffee at private home in Muskegon.

Oct. 30 -- "Gore Detectors" -- Govs. Janklow (SD) and Rowland (CT) and Texas Democrat Ken Armbrister and economic advisor Larry Lindsey make stops in Farmington Hills, Lansing and Grand Rapids.

Oct. 24 -- "Barnstorm for Reform" --  Govs. Engler (MI), Rowland (CT), Janklow (SD) and Racicot (MT) and Texas Democrat Sandy Kress make stops at a daycare center in Southfield and at the Capitol in Lansing.

Oct. 23 -- Former President George H.W. Bush rallies at Hope College in Holland and at Immaculate Conception Ukrainian Catholic schools in Warren.

Oct. 18 -- "W stands for Women" bus tour:  Former First Lady Barbara Bush and Laura Bush with Michigan first lady Michelle Engler and Secretary of State Candice Miller start with a rally at the Public Museum of Grand Rapids in Grand Rapids, through  Lansing, finishing in Southfield.  Meanwhile, Lynne Cheney and Condoleezza Rice went from Grand Rapids to Saganaw and Flint before joining up in Southfield.

Allies
NRA Oct. 17 -- "Vote Freedom First" rallies with Charlton Heston at the DeltaPlex in Grand Rapids, in DeWitt and at IMA Sports Arena in Flint.

Nov. 5 -- African-American leaders on "Your Vote Counts, Democratic Unity" tour visit area churches in Detroit.

Nov. 4 -- Rob Reiner, Martin Sheen, Dulé Hill, Alfre Woodard and Julia Louis-Dreyfus (“Seinfeld” ) rally for Gore and Democratic candidates at Michigan State University in East Lansing (part of multi-state tour).

Nov. 2 -- Tipper Gore, two daughters, six "Lieberman Ladies," singer Melissa Etheridge, actresses Susan Dey and Cicely Tyson, Secretary of Labor Alexis Herman and state political candidates GOTV rally at Oakland University in Rochester Hills.

Nov. 2 --On a 24-hour "Lieberman Women Fly-around," several events: Hadassah Lieberman at Kellogg Community College in Battle Creek.  Mother, sisters and daughter in law of Joe Lieberman hold seniors roundtable at Henry Ford Village in Dearborn; followed by a rally at University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.

Oct. 24 -- Sen. Carl Levin (MI) bird-dogs Bush campaign's "Barnstorm for Reform" stops in Southfield and Lansing.

Oct. 21 -- Kathleen McGinty and Christopher DeMuth, environmental advisors to Gore and Bush, debate at Society of Environmental Journalists conference at Michigan State University in East Lansing.

Oct. 16 -- Tipper Gore addresses supporters and undecided voters in the cafeteria at Bay De Noc Community College in Escanaba.

Sept. 19 -- Karenna Gore Schiff and Rebecca Lieberman address supporters at Michigan State University in Lansing.

Sept. 18 -- Hadassah Lieberman tours the Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, meets with health care workers in Berkley; tours the Villa Maria Retirement Community and meets with residents and their families in Grand Rapids.

Allies
Sierra Club   Oct. 31-Nov. 1 Carl Pope in Michigan.
AFL-CIO   Oct. 16 -- AFL-CIO President John Sweeney in Lansing and Grand Rapids.

Television Television
According to the Campaign Media Analysis Group (CMAG Eye, Jan. 2001 and Nov./Dec. 2000) during the general election the Bush campaign and the RNC ran 10,500 ads in Michigan, fourth behind Florida, Ohio and Penn.; this accounted for an estimated 9% of total Bush/RNC ad spending, putting Michigan fifth behind Florida (17%), Pennsylvania (14%), California (14%) and Ohio (10%) in ad spending.

According to the Brennan Center for Justice (Nov. 21, 2000 report) spending in Michigan on TV advertising by the Bush campaign, Republican party and supportive groups in the period from June 1 to Nov. 7, 2000 totaled $7,458,514.
 

According to the Campaign Media Analysis Group (CMAG Eye, Jan. 2001 and Nov./Dec. 2000) during the general election the Gore campaign and the DNC ran 12,300 ads in Michigan, fourth behind Penn., Ohio and Florida; this accounted for an estimated 13% of total Gore/DNC ad spending, putting Michigan third behind Pennsylvania (20%) and Ohio (13%) in ad spending.

According to the Brennan Center for Justice (Nov. 21, 2000 report) spending in Michigan on TV advertising by the Gore campaign, Democratic party and supportive groups in the period from June 1 to Nov. 7, 2000 totaled $9,704,302.
 

RNC Michigan-specific ad "Iacocca" from Oct. 25, 2000.
Gore-Lieberman 60-second radio ad "Art Reyes" from Oct. 26, 2000.
Some Newspaper Endorsements Some Newspaper Endorsements
Detroit News --10/22/00
Grand Rapids Press --10/29/00
Kalamazoo Gazette --10/29/00
Flint Journal --10/30/00 *
Ann Arbor News --11/3/00
Daily Tribune (Royal Oak) --11/1/00
Holland Sentinel
Detroit Free-Press --10/20/00
Macomb Daily --10/29/00
Lansing State Journal --10/29/00
Muskegon Chronicle

 
Miscellaneous Notes Miscellaneous Notes
Arab-Americans comprise an important voting block in Michigan.  According to the Arab-American Institute more than 350,000 Arab-Americans live in the state; Dearborn has the highest concentration of Arab-Americans in the United States.  Some expressed concerns about the presence of Joe Lieberman, an Orthodox Jew, on the Democratic ticket; others were impressed with Bush's outreach, notably his Oct. 5 meeting in Dearborn. and his specific reference to the community in the second presidential debate on Oct. 11.  Bush stated, "Arab-Americans are racially profiled in what’s called secret evidence. People are stopped, and we got to do something about that."  While Gore also made some outreach efforts (Oct. 14 meeting in DC and subsequent meeting in Dearborn on Oct. 29), Bush garnered endorsements of the Arab-American Political Action Committee (Oct. 16), the Arab-American and Chaldean Leadership Council, an umbrella group (Oct. 19), and American Muslim Political Coordinating Council Political Action Committee (announced on Oct. 23). 

[Also, note that the chairman of the Arab-American Institute, George R. Salem, served as National Chair of Arab Americans for Bush/Cheney, while the president of the AAI, James Zogby was Chair of Arab Americans for Gore].
 

Gore-Lieberman Michigan co-director Ron Platt observed after the election that Bush had largely solidified his own base by Labor Day.  Among the top priorities for the Gore campaign as the fall campaign began:

1. Getting out the largest possible number of voters in Detroit.  "We put a lot of time and a lot of resources into the city," said Platt.  The organizations of Mayor Dennis Archer and Wayne County Executive Edward H. McNamara helped.  Gore's strong performance in Detroit also provided a key boost to Democratic Senate candidate Debbie Stabenow, who won the state by a much narrower margin than Gore (plurality of 67,259 votes compared to Gore's plurality of  217,279).

2. Macomb, Oakland and Western Wayne counties.  Macomb (on the east) and Oakland (on the west) are the two big counties north of Detroit (Wayne County); Gore narrowly carried these counties, securing just under 50% of the vote in each.

3. Flint (Genesee County).  Platt notes that the economy had not rebounded in Flint.  Early polling showed Gore was not performing there as well as he should have.  The prosperity theme "was not a real good sell," Platt observed.  A television spot tailored to communities like Flint was produced and there was also a radio spot (Reyes).  Gore visited Flint three times: on Sept. 4, Oct. 18 and Nov. 5.

The UAW, with 447,000 members in Michigan as of Oct. 2000 (268,000 active and 179,000 retirees), is a major force in Michigan politics.  Although the union did not endorse Gore until Aug. 2000, by Election Day it was firmly behind him.  The UAW contract negotiated with Ford, GM, Daimler Chrysler, Delphi and Visteon in Oct. 1999 includes a paid holiday on Election Day; this gave Gore and Democratic candidates an added boost.

Proposal 1 ("To Permit the State to Indirectly Support Nonpublic School Students"), a proposed constitutional amendment which would have provided for tuition vouchers in failing school districts and for teacher testing, affected the atmospherics of the presidential race to a degree.  Reportedly Gov. Engler had opposed putting it on the ballot.  Prop. 1 initially seemed to be faring well, but on Election Day it went down to defeat by a more than two to one margin.  It proved to be a tricky issue for Bush.  "The word voucher never came out of his mouth," Platt said.

Michigan remained in play right to the end.  Platt said the campaign's polling data consistently showed him with a four-point lead, but he heard after the election that Bush's tracking polls had showed the Republican was ahead.  Gore made two  stops in Flint on Nov. 6. 
 

Comparison of 2000 and 1996 General Election Presidential Results in Michigan's Five Largest Counties
County
Total Votes for President
G/L
C/G '96
B/C
D/K'96
Plurality
Wayne '00 768,417
530,414
69.03%
223,021
29.02%
307,393
  '96
731,597
504,466
68.95%
175,886
24.04%
328,580
Oakland '00
570,265
281,201
49.31%
274,319
48.10%
6,882
'96
505,642
241,884
47.84%
219,855
43.48%
22,029
Macomb '00
345,559
172,625
49.96%
164,265
47.54%
8,360
'96
306,028
151,430
49.48%
120,616
39.41%
30,814
Kent '00
250,318
95,442
38.13%
148,602
59.37%
(53,160)
'96
223,379
85,912
38.46%
121,335
54.32%
(35,423)
Genesee '00
190,865
119,833
62.78%
66,641
34.92%
53,192
'96
174,056
106,065
60.94%
49,332
28.34%
56,733
Statewide '00
4,232,501
2,170,418
51.28%
1,953,139
46.15%
217,279
'96
3,848,844
1,989,653
51.69%
1,481,212
38.48%
508,441
Gore/Lieberman obtained about the same share of the vote as Clinton/Gore did in their 1996 re-election campaign, while Bush/Cheney improved on the Dole/Kemp showing.  Possible factors: Bush was a stronger candidate than Dole, Perot was not on the ballot in 2000, and Nader may have cost Gore some votes.  Note: Clinton/Gore plurality in 1992 was 316,242 votes.


Nader
Ralph Nader made three stops in Michigan on Sept. 21 during his midwestern "Non-Voter Tour." He did a speech and rally with Michael Moore at Michigan Theatre in Ann Arbor, a speech and rally with Michael Moore at 1241 East Keansley St. in Flint, and a speech and rally with Michael Moore at Michigan State University in East Lansing. On Oct. 31 he held a press conference and did a rally at the University of Michigan in Dearborn.

Buchanan
Pat Buchanan, in his second day back on the campaign trail, held a rally at Royalty House in Warren on Sept. 19.  At the event, where he was joined by running mate Ezola Foster, Buchanan roundly denounced Sec. of State Candice S. Miller for keeping him off the ballot.  Although the Buchanan campaign took the matter to court, Secretary of State Candice S. Miller's decision was upheld [see excerpt from letter].  Buchanan also made a stop in Detroit on Nov. 6.

Browne
Harry Browne visited Detroit Sept. 24-26.  On Sept. 24 he attended a dinner for Libertarian candidates and activists at a restaurant in Southfield.  On Sept. 25 he spoke to the Economic Club of Detroit at Cobo Center.  On Sept. 26 he did interviews, including a meeting with the ed board of the Detroit News, and concluded with an evening public meeting at his hotel.
 
 

Notes.
The Detroit area experienced significant population shifts in the 1990s. According to the Census Bureau, the city of Detroit lost 7.5% of its population from April 1990 to April 2000, falling from 1,027,974 to 951,270.  Wayne County lost 2.4% of its population, decreasing to 2,061,162.  Meanwhile, the surrounding counties grew during the same period: Macomb (to the north) up 9.9%; Oakland (to the north) up 10.2%; Washtenaw (to the west) up 14.1%; Livingstone (to the west) up by 35.7%; Monroe (to the south) up 9.2%.  [Statewide, Michigan's population increased by 6.9% during the decade.]

At the direction of Rep. Henry A. Waxman, ranking member of the House Committee on Government Reform, the minority staff produced a report "Election Reform in Detroit: New Voting Technology and Increased Voter Education Significantly Reduced Uncounted Ballots" (PDF) (April 5, 2001).
 

Copyright 2000, 2001  Eric M. Appleman/Democracy in Action.